Construction & Engineering Calculators
Free construction and engineering calculators: bending moment, shear and deflection for the four standard beam cases; tightening torque and bolt-circle coordinates for fasteners; pipe flow, pipe volume, tank capacity with partial fill, hydraulic and hydrostatic pressure; Reynolds number and flow-regime classification; steady-state conduction and convection heat transfer; thermal expansion; and engineering notation. Each page prints the formula it applied so the result can be checked by hand, and each states the assumption it holds under — elastic beam behaviour, incompressible pipe flow, steady-state single-layer heat transfer — because a formula quoted outside its scope is worse than no answer. Everything runs in the browser: no sign-up, nothing uploaded, and the pages keep working offline on site.
Most popular
- engineeringBeam Load● ready
Enter the span and the load and read the maximum bending moment, the shear force and the reaction at each support.
- engineeringBeam Deflection● ready
Enter the span, the load, E and the section's I to get the maximum deflection — with the usual span/360 serviceability limit checked beside it.
- engineeringTank Volume● ready
Pick the shape, enter its dimensions and a fill level to get the full capacity and how much liquid is inside — including the shapes where fill is deliberately not linear.
- engineeringBolt Torque● ready
T = K · d · F in either direction — enter a clamp load to get the torque, or a torque to see the tension it develops.
- engineeringPipe Flow● ready
Q = V·A for a circular pipe, in either direction: enter a velocity to get L/s, L/min, m³/h and GPM, or enter a flow to get the velocity.
Beams & Fasteners
- engineeringBeam Load● ready
Enter the span and the load and read the maximum bending moment, the shear force and the reaction at each support.
- engineeringBeam Deflection● ready
Enter the span, the load, E and the section's I to get the maximum deflection — with the usual span/360 serviceability limit checked beside it.
- engineeringCantilever Beam● ready
A beam fixed at one end only, with a point load at the free end or a uniform load along its length — deflection at the tip and moment at the wall.
- engineeringBolt Torque● ready
T = K · d · F in either direction — enter a clamp load to get the torque, or a torque to see the tension it develops.
- engineeringBolt Circle● ready
Enter the bolt circle diameter, the bolt count and a start angle to get every bolt's coordinates, the angular pitch and the chord between neighbours — plotted as it will be drilled.
Pipes, Tanks & Flow
- engineeringPipe Flow● ready
Q = V·A for a circular pipe, in either direction: enter a velocity to get L/s, L/min, m³/h and GPM, or enter a flow to get the velocity.
- engineeringPipe Volume● ready
Enter the internal diameter and the length of the run to see how much liquid the pipe holds — plus the water weight, which reads straight off the litres.
- engineeringTank Volume● ready
Pick the shape, enter its dimensions and a fill level to get the full capacity and how much liquid is inside — including the shapes where fill is deliberately not linear.
- engineeringFlow Rate● ready
Fill a container and time it, or compute it from velocity and bore — reported together in L/s, L/min, m³/h and US gallons per minute.
Fluid Power & Flow Regime
- engineeringHydraulic Pressure● ready
Two modes that answer two different questions: P = F ÷ A for a piston pushing on oil, and P = ρ·g·h for the weight of a column of fluid.
- engineeringReynolds Number● ready
Enter the fluid's density and viscosity, the velocity and the pipe bore to get the Reynolds number and which flow regime it puts you in.
Thermal & Notation
- engineeringHeat Transfer● ready
Two first-course modes: Q = k·A·ΔT ÷ d through a flat wall, and Q = h·A·ΔT from a surface — each with the thermal resistance of the path.
- engineeringThermal Expansion● ready
ΔL = α·L₀·ΔT with material presets for steel, aluminium, copper, concrete, glass, PVC and oak, and a negative ΔT for cooling.
- engineeringEngineering Notation● ready
Engineering notation forces the exponent to a multiple of three, so it always lines up with an SI prefix — 4.5 × 10^6 is 4.5 M, 420 × 10^-6 is 420 µ.
All tools
- engineeringBeam Load● ready
Enter the span and the load and read the maximum bending moment, the shear force and the reaction at each support.
- engineeringBeam Deflection● ready
Enter the span, the load, E and the section's I to get the maximum deflection — with the usual span/360 serviceability limit checked beside it.
- engineeringCantilever Beam● ready
A beam fixed at one end only, with a point load at the free end or a uniform load along its length — deflection at the tip and moment at the wall.
- engineeringBolt Torque● ready
T = K · d · F in either direction — enter a clamp load to get the torque, or a torque to see the tension it develops.
- engineeringBolt Circle● ready
Enter the bolt circle diameter, the bolt count and a start angle to get every bolt's coordinates, the angular pitch and the chord between neighbours — plotted as it will be drilled.
- engineeringPipe Flow● ready
Q = V·A for a circular pipe, in either direction: enter a velocity to get L/s, L/min, m³/h and GPM, or enter a flow to get the velocity.
- engineeringPipe Volume● ready
Enter the internal diameter and the length of the run to see how much liquid the pipe holds — plus the water weight, which reads straight off the litres.
- engineeringTank Volume● ready
Pick the shape, enter its dimensions and a fill level to get the full capacity and how much liquid is inside — including the shapes where fill is deliberately not linear.
- engineeringHydraulic Pressure● ready
Two modes that answer two different questions: P = F ÷ A for a piston pushing on oil, and P = ρ·g·h for the weight of a column of fluid.
- engineeringFlow Rate● ready
Fill a container and time it, or compute it from velocity and bore — reported together in L/s, L/min, m³/h and US gallons per minute.
- engineeringReynolds Number● ready
Enter the fluid's density and viscosity, the velocity and the pipe bore to get the Reynolds number and which flow regime it puts you in.
- engineeringHeat Transfer● ready
Two first-course modes: Q = k·A·ΔT ÷ d through a flat wall, and Q = h·A·ΔT from a surface — each with the thermal resistance of the path.
- engineeringThermal Expansion● ready
ΔL = α·L₀·ΔT with material presets for steel, aluminium, copper, concrete, glass, PVC and oak, and a negative ΔT for cooling.
- engineeringEngineering Notation● ready
Engineering notation forces the exponent to a multiple of three, so it always lines up with an SI prefix — 4.5 × 10^6 is 4.5 M, 420 × 10^-6 is 420 µ.
About Construction & Engineering Calculators
Engineering calculators go wrong in two ways, and neither is arithmetic. The first is unit confusion: a bore given as a nominal pipe size instead of an internal diameter, a load in kN against a formula expecting N, a viscosity in cP against one expecting Pa·s — so every page here fixes its input units in the label and shows the conversion it applied. The second is scope: a textbook beam formula assumes an elastic, prismatic, statically determinate beam, a Reynolds threshold of 2300 belongs to internal pipe flow in a circular section, and a heat calculation with a constant k is steady-state and one-dimensional. Each page names its assumption on the page, and the results are reported in the units a drawing uses — kN·m for moment, mm for deflection, L/s and GPM together for flow, bar and psi together for pressure. Nothing here is a design check: no safety factors, no code compliance, no substitute for a qualified engineer where people or property depend on the answer.
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Frequently asked questions
Which beam case applies to my situation?
It is decided by the supports, not the load. A beam resting on two supports is simply supported, and the moment peaks at midspan; a beam built into one support with the other end free is a cantilever, and the moment peaks at the wall. A continuous beam over three or more supports, or a frame, is neither — those are indeterminate and this engine deliberately does not guess at them.
Why does the bolt page ask for a K factor, and how much does it matter?
Because torque-to-tension has no exact formula: K lumps thread friction, under-head friction and the helix angle into one empirical number whose value moves with lubrication, plating, coating, reuse and hardness. K = 0.20 for a dry plain steel bolt against 0.14 for a lubricated one is a 30% difference in the clamp load from the same wrench setting, and only about a tenth of the torque you apply becomes tension. The usual engineering answer is a torque-tension test or a turn-of-nut method for anything critical.
Why is my horizontal tank's dipstick reading not proportional to the volume?
Because a horizontal cylinder fills as a circular segment, not as a rectangle. Near the bottom and near the top, a centimetre of depth adds only a sliver of volume; across the middle it adds several times as much per centimetre. The tank page has separate vertical and horizontal modes for exactly this reason — a horizontal tank's 25% depth is not 25% of its capacity. A sphere is even more curved at both ends, and fills as a spherical cap.
Can I use these results for a real design?
They are textbook formulas, not a design check. There are no safety factors, no load combinations, no buckling, no fatigue, no connection design, and no code compliance — and structures that carry people or property need all of those. Every page states its own governing assumption for that reason. Use these to understand a problem, to check someone else's arithmetic, or to size something informal; use a qualified engineer for anything structural, electrical or pressurised.
Which units do the calculators expect?
Whichever unit is written in the label, and the label is always on the field. Spans in metres, loads in kilonewtons (or kN/m for a distributed load), E in gigapascals, I in mm⁴, diameters in millimetres, densities in kg/m³, viscosities in centipoise, temperatures in kelvin or Celsius for a difference. The arithmetic runs in SI throughout and the conversions happen at the input, so a page can never mix a foot with a metre.